Shingle construction



April 21, 1959 G. F. WASKE 2,882,840

SHINGLE CONSTRUCTION Filed Feb. 1, 1956 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR. George E Was/Ye.

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April 21, 1959 G, F, WASKE 2,882,840

SHINGLE CONSTRUCTION Filed Feb. 1, 1956 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVEN TOR. George E Was/re.

Unite States Pater SHINGLE CONSTRUCTION George F. Waske, Parnell, Mo.

Application February 1, 1956, Serial No. 562,677

4 Claims. (Cl. 108-17) This invention relates to a covering for buildings or the like, and more particularly to a metal shingle construction which may be utilized for either the side Walls or roofs of the building.

The principal object of the present invention is to provide a-metal covering for buildings made from bendable stock such as aluminum, tin, asphaltum, or the like, having their respective edges bent to form interlocking sides and having tabs provided with nail holes for securing the covering to the building structure in such manner that the nail heads will be covered.

Other objects of the present invention are to particularly provide a shingle construction for roofs made of a metal material of diamond or rhombus shape with two sides of the sheet folded in one direction and the other two sides folded in the opposite direction forming lock ing sides for the shingle, one corner of the sheet having a tab provided with a nail hole, one corner being cut away at an angle, the straight edge of the sheet on two planes having a cutout portion, one corner having a slot and the other edge out at an angle, forming extension tabs provided with nail holes, whereby each shingle may be interlocked into one another and nailed to the roof of the building structure so that the nail will not be exposed to the weather; to provide a sheet of materail folded, forming nailing tabs, whereby the tabs will extend outwardly from the body of the shingle providing a nailing place beyond the folded portions of the shingle; to provide a covering of diamond or rhombus shape sheets wherein the two of the points will be in vertical position and the other two points will be in horizontal position when the shingles are fastened to the roof or wall structure, and to provide a device of this character simple and economical to manufacture.

In accomplishing these and other objects of the invention, I have provided improved details of structure, the preferred forms of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a fragmentary top plan view of my shingle covering construction shown on the roof of a building.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged cross sectional view taken on a line 2-2, Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged cross sectional view taken on a line 3-3, Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a top plan View of a single shingle sheet shown in formed position.

Fig. 5 is a bottom plan view of the shingle sheet.

Fig. 6 is a cross sectional view taken on a line 6-6, Fig. 4.

Fig. 7 is a plan view of a sheet of material from which the shingle is formed, shown in flat position.

Fig. 8 is an enlarged fragmentary view of the upper corner of the shingle.

Fig. 9 is an enlarged fragmentary view of the shingle showing another corner thereof, but not completely bent over.

Fig. 10 is a plan view of a modified form of my invention.

Fig. 11 is a perspective view of the sheet from which the shingle is formed as shown in Fig. 10.

Referring more in detail to the drawings:

1 designates a covering for roofs as indicated at 2, made from a plurality of sheets 3 shown in flat position in Fig. 7. The sheets are substantially square shaped having side edges 4, 5, 6 and 7. The intersecting sides 6 and 7 are cut away as indicated at 8 and the opposite corner is also cut as indicated at 9 and provided with an inwardly extending slot 10. The side edge 6 intersecting with the side edge 4 is provided wth an outwardly extendng V-shaped tab 11, provided with a nail hole 12. The edge 4 of the sheet, near the corner of the sheet in which the tab 11 is formed, is provided with a V-shaped cut out portion as indicated at 13, and the inner portion of the V-shaped notch is provided with an inwardly extending slot 14 which forms a tab 15 provided with a nail opening 16.

The sheet is provided, at the directly opposite corner from the tab 11, with a like tab 17 having a nail opening 18, and the side edge 5 is provided with a V-shaped notch 19, with the inner portion of the notch having an inwardly extending slot 20, forming a tab 21 provided with a nail opening 22.

The sheet 3 is provided with bend lines spaced inwardly from the side edges 4, 5, 6 and 7 as indicated at 23, 24, 25 and 26. The bend line 23 intersects the inner edge of the slot 14 as indicated at 27 and the slot 10 as indicated at 28. The fold line 24 intersects the inner ends of the slots 10 and 20, respectively. The fold line 25 extends from the edge 8 parallel with the edge 6 and midway between the tabs 11 and 15 to the edge 4 and the fold line 26 extends from the edge 8 parallel with the edge 7 and midway between the tabs 17 and 21 to the edge 5.

Side panels 29 and 30 formed by the bend lines 23 and 24 are folded upwardly and inwardly on the bend lines 23 and 24 forming hooked or lock portions for the next adjacent sheet as will later be described. Bend lines 31 and 32 intersect the inner edge of the slot 18 and extend parallel with the edge 9 of the corner of the sheet, or at an oblique angle to the side edges 4 and 5, so that when the side panels 29 and 30 are bent upwardly and inwardly they lie flat and parallel with the plane surface of the sheet 3. When panel 29 is turned inwardly the upper end 33 will be turned outwardly on bend line 31 forming a tab 34 provided with a nail opening 34 extending beyond the fold line 23 for nailing as later described. Also, the upper end 35 of the panel 30 is turned outwardly and bent on line 32 forming a tab 36 provided with a nail opening 36 also extending beyond the fold line leaving a space 36 between the fold lines 31 and 32, as shown in Fig. 8. The side edges 6 and 7 when bent upon the bend lines 25 and 26 will form panels 37 and 38, which are bent downwardly and inwardly in the opposite direction than the panels 29 and 30 to form hook or lock members on the opposite face of the sheet. Bend lines 39 and 40 intersect the inwardly extending slots 14 and 20 and extend directly inwardly in alignment with said slots and intersect the bend lines 25 and 26 and then extend outwardly to the side edges 6 and 7 as indicated at 41 and 42 in straight alignment with one side edge of the tabs 11 and 17. When the side panels 37 and 38 are turned downwardly and inwardly, the tabs 11 and 17 will lie underneath the tabs 15 and 21 respectively and bend lines 39 and 41, and bend lines 40 and 42, are underneath and in alignment with each other. Folding the tabs 11-15 and 17-21 upwardly and inwardly on the bend lines 39-41 and 46-42, as shown in Fig. 9, will form a double thickness of the tabs and the tabs 11 and 17, respectively, will now be on top of the sheet and overlie the tabs 15 and 21 and extend outwardly beyond the fold lines 23 and 2.4, respectively, and partly over-lie the cut edges 43 and 44 of the panels 29 and 30, thus forming pocket like endings of the panel or lock members 29 and 30, and 37 and 38, as indicated at 45 and 46. Nails 47for securing the sheet to the roof structure extend through the aligned openings 12 and 16 in the tab 11-15 and through the aligned openings 18 and 22 in the tab 17-21.

With the shingle formed and shaped as hereinabove described, the shingle may be fastened to the roof structure by nails 47 as shown in Fig. 1 which extend through the aligned openings 12-16 in tab 11-15 and 18-22 in tab 17-21. In starting to cover the roof the first shingle-will extend over the eaves (not shown) and may be cut olf or turned under as desired.

In describing the various sheets with their formation to each other, I will here describe sheeet 48 in the center of the construction (Fig. 1) which has been nailed to the roof structure and is in the form as illustrated in Fig. 4. It will be obvious, of course, that you must work from the bottom of the roof structure and to the right and left of each of the bottom row of shingles. The next succeeding shingle which will be secured to shingle 48 may be either shingle 49 to the right thereof or shingle 50 to the left thereof. Should shingle 49 be the first secured to the shingle 48 the panel hook member 38 of the shingle 49 is hooked over the upturned hooked panel member 29 of the shingle 48; in other words, member 38 will lie between the sheet and member 29 of the shingle 48, whereby the tabs 17-21 of the shingle 49 will over-lie the tab 34 of the shingle 48 as indicated at 51 in Fig. 1. The bent portion of the tab 17-21 provided on bend lines 40 and 42 will thereby engage over the bent portion of the tab 34 provided on bend line 31, thus occupying a part of the small space between the tabs 34 and 36 of the shingle 48 as indicated at 51 The lower portion of the member 38 will engage between the sheet and the pocket like ending 45 of the member 29 and the lower part of the shingle 49 will over-lie the tab 11-15 of the shingle 48 as indicated at 52 in Fig. 1. At the same time the above described locking process is accomplished with the hook member 37 of the shingle 49 and the hook member 30 of the shingle 53 adjoining the shingle 48 as indicated at 54 in Fig. 1.

If shingle 50 is secured to the shingle 48 the process is similar. Hook panel member 37 of the shingle 50 is hooked over the panel member 30 of the shingle 48, whereby the tab 11-15 of the shingle 50 over-lies the tab 36 of the shingle 48 and will occupy the rest of the space 51 between the tabs 34 and 36. The bent portion of the tabs 11-15 and 17-21 will thus be locked between the space 51 of the tabs 34 and 36 of the shingle 48 and may now be secured to the roof structure by the nails 47. At the same time the lower portion of the member 37 has engaged between the sheet and pocket like ending 46 of the member 30 of the shingle 48 and the lower part of the shingle 50 will over-lie the tab 17-21 of the shingle 48 as indicated 54 in Fig. 1. By sliding the shingle 50 upwardly into locking position the hook panel member 38 of the shingle 50 and the panel member 29 of the shingle 55 adjoining the shingle 48 on its left side thereon will be hooked into position and the tab 11-15 of the shingle 49 and the tab 17-21 of the shingle 50 may now be nailed to the roof structure as indicated at 56 and 57 in Fig. 1. Then the next shingle may be slid into locking position to cover the space 58 between the shingles 49 and 50 (Fig. 1), and the lower corner of the new shingle will again cover the tabs 11-15 and 17-21, of the shingles 49 and 59, thus closing a possible space between said tabs and to make a smooth surface with no nails showingas indicated at 59 (Fig. 1). Such a closed structure will prevent rain and moisture from entering the grooved panels, but should any moisture enter such grooves or locked portions it will run out at the next succeeding shingle and no harm will be done.

This construction of the shingles, when the top and side edges of a roof or the side of a building is reached, the shingles may be cut or bent over as desired to form a straight edge.

Referring to the modified form of inventions, illustrated in Figs. 10 and 11, the shingles are of slightly different shape with respect to the angles of the square or diamond but the vertical points and horizontal points are raised in the same pattern on the roof or wall structure.

Fig. 11 illustrates the sheet in flat form, designated 60 and having side edges 61, 62, 63 and 64. A V-shaped notch 65 is provided in the lower vertical corner, and a slot 66 is provided in the side edge 61 spaced from the edge 63, and 'a slot 67 spaced from the side edge 62. The flat edge 62 is also provided with a slot 68, spaced from the side edge 64. Tabs 69 and 70 extend outwardly from the horizontal corners having nail openings 69 and 78 spaced from the side edges 61 and 62 are the bend lines 72 and 73 on which are bent upwardly and in- Wardly locking panels 74 and 75. Spaced from the side edges 63 land 64 are bend lines 76 and 77 adapted to be bent downwardly and inwardly forming locking panels 78 and 79, spaced in the opposite directions to the panel 74 and 75. The bend line 72 intersects the inner edge of the slot 66 and extends across the bend line 73 to the edge 62 of the sheet, so that when the panel is formed the end 80 formed by the slot 67 may be turned over to the left and lie flat on the outer surface of the panel 75 forming a tab 81 with the nail opening 82, as best illustrated in Fig. 10. Extending from the lower edge of the slot 66 and and intersecting with the bend line 76, is the bend line 83, so that when the panel 78 is folded under to form the lock, the outer end of the tab 69 is folded upwardly and over on the bend line 83, and will lie flat on the upturned and inwardly extending panel 74 on the side edge 61 forming nail tabs 84 and 85 having nail openings 69 and 87. The corner of the sheet 69 opposite to that just described also has a bend line 88 extending from the inner edge of the notch 68 to the fold line 77 and when the panel 79 is folded under, the tab 70 may be folded upwardly and inwardly to lie fiat on the inturned panel 75 forming nail tabs 89 and 90 with nail openings 70 and 92, as best illustrated in Fig. 10. It will be noted that when the panels 78 and 79 are turned under the notch disappears and the two side edges 63 and 64 intersect at'a point as indicated at 93, Fig. 10.

In assembling the shingles on a roof structure a bottom row as indicated by shingles 94 and 95 are first formed along the edge of the roof structure and may be cut or bent as desired to form a straight edge. The shingles are secured to the roof structure by the driving of nails through the nail openings and then a next succeeding shingle, for instance shingle 96 is secured to the shingle 94 and 95 by hooking the side panels 78 and 79 of the shingle 96 to the inturned panels 74 and 75 on the shingles 94 and 95 as indicated at 97 in Fig. 10, tabs nailed as heretofor described. It will be noted the point 93 will cover the slots 67 and 68 which are, after the sheet is folded, the extreme outer and meeting edges of two adjoining shingles, !as in the preferred form of the invention to form a closed cover for the building structure.

Wit-h the shingles secured to the roof structure as shown, one edge thereof will be in substantial alignment with the next succeeding single thereby interlocking the shingles together to make a rigid structure with a minimum of nailing. In the preferred form the side edges are at a 45 angle and in the modified form at a 30 angle.

I do not wish to be limited to 'any particular angle of the shingles or to the forms as shown as it will be obvious other forms may be utilized without departing from the spirit of my invention.

It will be obvious, from the foregoing, that I have provided an improved shingle construction for covering a roof, building or the like, which is interlocked one with the other, and provides a minimum number of nail ing positions or tabs and to provide for prevention of moisture from entering below the shingles.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1s: 1. A single made from a single sheet of material suitable for roof covering or the like comprising, a body portion having side edges, upturned hooking flanges on two adjacent sides of the body portion, underturned hooking flanges on the other two adjacent sides the body portion, folded extensions from each of the adjacent ends of the upturned hooking flanges in overlying relation to their respective flanges, each said extension extending outwardly from the body portion perpendicular to the respective side edge and defining means for securing the same to the roof, another folded extension member extending from each of the remote ends of the underturned hooking flanges, said folded extension members being in overlying relation to the respective ends of the upturned hooking flanges adjacent the underturned hooking flanges and extending outwardly perpendicular to the respective side edge and terminating in nail tabs, said nail tabs cooperating with the said ends of the upturned hooking flanges and body portion of the shingle to define pockets whereby the pockets have an end closed by the respective extension member and the upturned and underturned hooking flanges are secured in position, and one said underturned hooking flange having an end adjacent an end of the other underturned hooking flange defining a pocket with said ends terminating in spaced paralleled edges lying substantially diagonally of the body portion. 2. A shingle made from a single sheet of material suitable for roof covering or the like comprising, a body portion having side edges, upturned hooking flanges on two adjacent sides of the body portion, underturned hooking flanges on the other two adjacent sides of the body portion, a folded extension from at least one of the upturned hooking flanges at the end adjacent the end of the other upturned hooking flange and in overlying relation to the said one upturned hooking flange, said extension extending outwardly from the body portion perpendicular to the respective side edge and defining means for securing the same to a roof, folded extension members respectively formed from outwardly extending portions of the remote ends of the underturned hooking flanges and from the body portion overlying each said underturned hooking flange, said folded extension members being in overlying relation to the respective ends of the upturned hooking flanges adjacent the underturned hooking flanges and having portions extending outwardly perpendicularly to the respective side edge and terminating in nail tabs, said folded extension members cooperating with the said ends of the upturned hooking flanges and body portion of the shingle to defined pockets, and one said underturned hooking flange having an end adjacent an end of the other underturned hooking flange defining a pocket with said ends terminating in spaced paralleled edges lying substantially diagonally of the body portion.

3. A shingle made from a single sheet of material suitable for roof covering or the like comprising, a body portion having side edges, upturned hooking flanges on two adjacent sides of the shingle body portion, underturned hooking flanges on the other two adjacent sides of the shingle body portion, said upturned hooking flanges each respectively terminating at adjacent ends in fold lines diagonal to the respective side edge of the body portion and terminating at the other end at an edge diagonal to the respective side edge of the body portion, an extension member extending from the diagonal fold line of one of the upturned hooking flanges in overlying relation to said one upturned hooking flange, said extension member extending outwardly perpendicular to the respective side edge of the body portion and terminating in a nail tab, a second extension member extending from the diagonal fold line of the other upturned hooking flange in Overlying relation to said other upturned hooking flange, said second extension member extending outwardly perpendicular to the respective side edge of the body portion and terminating in a nail tab, said underturned hooking flanges terminating at adjacent ends in spaced parallel edges lying substantially diagonally of the body portion and terminating at opposite ends in fold lines diagonal to the respective side edges of the body portion, said diagonal fold lines at the opposite ends of the underturned hooking flanges being parallel and defining abutting edges for a next adjacent shingle, a member extending from each of the diagonal fold lines of the underturned hooking flanges in overlying relation to the respective end of the adjacent upturned hooking flange, and said members having a portion extending outwardly perpendicular to the respective side edge of the body portion and terminating in nail tabs.

4. A shingle made from a single sheet of material suitable for roof covering or the like comprising, a body portion having side edges, upturned hooking flanges on two adjacent sides of the shingle body portion, underturned hooking flanges on the other two adjacent sides of the shingle body portion, folded extension members extending from the remote ends of the underturned hooking flanges and being in overlying relation to the respective ends of the upturned hooking flanges adjacent the underturned hooking flanges, said extension members extending outwardly from the respective side edges of the body portion and terminating in nail tabs, and folded extension means on the upturned hooking flanges at the adjacent ends thereof and in overlying relation to said upturned hooking flanges, said folded extension means extending outwardly of the body portion for securing the same to a roof or the like, the adjacent ends of said underturned hooking flanges terminating in spaced edges for defining a pocket.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 276,085 Severin Apr. 17, 1883 349,966 Wightman Sept. 28, 1886 364,507 Green June 7, 1887 1,026,202 Clawson May 14, 1912 2,680,415 Rodermund June 8, 1954 FOREIGN PATENTS 19,911 Germany of 1882 16,434 Germany Jan. 3, 1882 

